What is the purpose of the Automatic Train Stop (ATS) system?

The Automatic Train Stop (ATS) system is designed primarily to enhance safety by ensuring that trains can automatically apply brakes if certain conditions are not met by the engineer. In this case, if the engineer fails to acknowledge a cab signal, the ATS system will initiate a penalty brake application. This function is critical in preventing potential collisions or derailments caused by human error, especially in scenarios where attention may lapse or signals may be inadvertently ignored.

The focus of the ATS on imposing a brake application supports its role as a safety mechanism within the overall signaling and control systems on railroad operations. While yard tracks, train speed display, and frequency detection are important aspects of rail operations, they do not relate directly to the core function of the ATS system, which is centered on automated safety responses to engineer actions.